Introduction to 3D modeling in Vectric software | Modeling Tools

Overview

This video introduces the core concepts of 3D modeling in Aspire, explaining how models are stored as a grid of Z-height pixels, how resolution affects quality, and the typical workflow from vectors to finished CNC toolpaths.

Steps

1. Define the job concept and gather reference materials (customer info, designs, etc.).
2. Set up the job size to closely match the 3D part, leaving only enough room for cutout borders. Rotate parts if needed to maximize use of the work area.
3. Create high-quality vectors — better vectors lead to better 3D models.
4. Build basic 3D components using Aspire modeling tools:
   • Create shape tools (flat, round, angled, smooth, custom profile)
   • Two-rail sweep / extrude and weave
   • Turn and spin
   • Sculpting tools
   • Create texture area
   • Create model from image Alternatively, import a 3D model (Aspire file, clipart, or CAD model).
5. Organize components in the component tree using levels and groups. Adjust combine modes and order to build complex shapes.
6. Use editing/sculpting tools to smooth, blend, and refine component interactions.
7. Apply finishing touches until the model is machine-ready.
8. Generate toolpaths:
   • Run 3D roughing to remove bulk material with a larger tool, keeping it slightly away from the final surface.
   • Run 3D finishing with a smaller tool and smaller stepover to cut the finished surface.
   • Combine with 2D/2.5D toolpaths as needed, such as a profile cutout or projected v-carve text.
9. Optionally export the 3D model as a mesh for 3D printing or to another CAD program.

Key Points / Warnings

• 3D data works like a grid of pixels, each with a different Z height — similar to a pin art toy.
• Resolution options: Standard (1M pixels), High (2M pixels), Very High (4M pixels) over the entire work area.
• Higher resolution improves quality but increases calculation times for modeling and toolpaths. Balance it according to your hardware and project needs.
• Resolution only affects 3D data — it does not affect 2D or 2.5D work.
• Maximize the area the 3D part covers in the job. Avoid making the job size match the full material/table size unless the part itself uses that full area.
• In the example, a 10-inch model in a 12-inch job has far better quality than the same model placed on a 4x8-foot sheet.
• Leave a small border (about an inch/centimeter) around the part for cutout toolpaths.
• Components are the individual 3D objects; their combined result is the composite model.
• 3D roughing + 3D finishing is the standard machining approach. Smaller stepover in finishing gives better surface finish but longer cut time.
• A 3D model can also be exported as a mesh for 3D printing or CAD use.